The review of the influencing factors of inorganic salt fouling behavior is mainly focused on the effects of flow rate, temperature and concentration on the mass of fouling deposition, induction period and thermal resistance. In this paper, the microscopic fouling behaviors such as morphology structure, attachment position and particle size are selected as research objects. The effect of material surface characteristics (roughness, contact angle and surface energy) on the microscopic fouling behaviors are reviewed, which can provide the basis for revealing the difference macroscopic fouling behavior of different materials surface from a microscopic point of view. At the same time, the current research status of fouling adhesion strength is summarized to provide theoretical support for the removal of fouling and the selection of reasonable antifouling materials.